TL;DR
The Adafruit ADS122C04 is a 24-bit Analog-to-Digital Converter (ADC) that can handle up to 2000 samples per second on a single channel, making it a solid choice for high-precision measurements of both single-ended and differential analog signals via I2C (Inter-Integrated Circuit). Unlike many other 24-bit ADCs typically used in low-speed applications, this one offers a higher sampling rate, filling a niche for those who need speed without sacrificing resolution.